The End of History and the Last Man, authored by Francis Fukuyama, presents a controversial thesis on the evolution of human societies. Fukuyama argues that with the fall of communism, liberal democracy has emerged as the final form of government, marking the end of ideological struggles. He suggests that liberal democracy represents the ultimate stage of human political development, where the universalization of Western values becomes the norm. The book sparked intense debates and continues to be a significant contribution to the study of international relations and political philosophy.